Illicit Substances in Healthcare: An Invisible Cost to Public Health and Economy

In the current landscape, the illegal market for unregulated substances has emerged as a growing threat to public health. This phenomenon, epitomized by the spread of tirzepatida—a medication used to treat obesity—is not only challenging healthcare regulations but also impacting the economy and public health systems. According to data from the Economic Information Service (SIE) at the Ministry of Economy, seizures of such illegal products, including slimming pens, surged in the first half of this year, exceeding R$ 80 million. In Diadema, Greater São Paulo, a notable case highlights the dangers of this practice: a moto-boy transported a box with ampules of tirzepatida on his motorcycle each month without any medical or pharmaceutical oversight. The consumer described episodes of vomiting and diarrhea, illustrating how the uncertainty in the origin and quality of these medications can lead to severe health consequences for patients. Endocrinology specialists highlight that this situation has become increasingly problematic, with cases ranging from gastrointestinal complications to hospitalizations. The economic impact of this illegal practice is evident: not only are medical treatment costs exacerbated, but productivity among affected patients also declines as they recover from conditions caused by the improper use of these substances. Additionally, a lack of control over pharmaceutical supply can undermine public trust in healthcare and pharmacy systems, impacting overall public health policies.